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Seed Act and Seed Act Enforcement. Duty and Powers of Seed Inspector, Offences and Penalties. Seeds Control Order 1983

 

Seed Act and Seed Act Enforcement. Duty and Powers of Seed Inspector, Offences and Penalties. Seeds Control Order 1983




 

    बीज विधान (Seed Legislation):-

·         बीज गुणवत्ता नियंत्रण (Seed Quality Control):- बीज गुणवत्ता का नियंत्रण बीज उत्पादन प्रोग्राम का मुख्य केन्द्र बिन्दु होता है। यह निम्न कारणों से महत्वपूर्ण है –

(Control of seed quality is the main focus of the seed production program. This is important due to the following reasons -)

i. यह किसान का बीज के किसी एक ब्रांड में रुचि को बढ़ाता है।

(This increases the interest of the farmer in any one brand of seed.)

ii. यह किसी एक बीज ब्रांड की ख्याति को बनाए रखता है।

(It maintains the reputation of a single seed brand.)

iii. यह बीज की उच्च गुणवत्ता की गारंटी देता है।

(This guarantees the high quality of the seeds.)

iv. यह आर्थिक हानि को रोकता है।

(This prevents economic loss.)

v. यह किसानों को अच्छी गुणवत्ता वाले बीज के लिए जागरूक करता है।

(This makes farmers aware for the good quality seeds.)

·         भारत में इतिहास (History in India):-

बीज अधिनियम, 1966 (Seed Act, 1966):-

·         प्रारम्भ (Comencement):- बीज अधिनियम 2 अक्टूबर 1969 को लागू हुआ।

(The Seeds Act came into force on 2 October 1969.)

·         इस अधिनियम की विभिन्न धाराओं के अंतर्गत अनेक संगठन स्थापित हुये:-

(Several organizations were established under various sections of this Act:-)

1. Central Seed Committee (CSC):- केन्द्र सरकार इसका गठन करती है। यह प्रशासन  बीज सम्बन्धी मामलों में केन्द्र सरकार  राज्य सरकारों को सलाह देने का कार्य करती है।

(The Central Government constitutes this. It serves to advise the Central Government and State Governments in matters related to administration and seeds.)

Ø  बीज सम्बन्धी मामले (Seed Related Matters):-

i. नई किस्म का विमोचन

(Release of new variety)

ii. नोटिफिकेशन

(Notification)

iii. बीज प्रमाणीकरण मानकों का निर्धारण

(Determination of seed certification standards)

Ø  सदस्य (Members):-


नोट (Note):- CSC में प्रत्येक सदस्य का कार्यकाल 2 वर्ष का होता है तथा फिर से नामित होने के लिए योग्य होता है।

(In CSC, each member has a term of 2 years and is eligible to be re-nomination.)

2. Central Seed Testing Laboratory (CSTL):- केन्द्र सरकार के द्वारा इसकी स्थापना की जाती है अथवा किसी भी STL को CSTL के रूप में घोषित कर दिया जाता है।

(It is established by the Central Government or any STL is declared as CSTL.)

Ø  IARI, New Delhi में स्थित STL को CSTL के रूप में स्वीकार कर लिया गया है।

(STL located at IARI, New Delhi has been accepted as CSTL.)

Ø  कार्य (Functions):-

i. यह सभी राज्य बीज परीक्षण प्रयोगशालाओं के परीक्षणों में समानता रखती है। इसके लिए यह राज्य प्रयोगशालाओं द्वारा परीक्षित नमूनों में से 5% की जाँच करती है।

(It maintain similarity to the tests of all the state seed testing laboratories. For this it examines 5% of the samples tested by the state laboratories.)

ii. बाजारों में बेचे जाने वाले बीजों की गुणवत्ता नियंत्रण के लिए नमूने लेकर उनके परीक्षणों के आंकड़े बीज समिति को उपलब्ध कराती है।

(For quality control of the seeds sold in the market, samples are collected and the data of their tests are made available to the Seed Committee.)

3. State Seed Testing Laboratory (SSTL):- राज्य सरकार के द्वारा 1 या अधिक SSTLs की स्थापना की जाती है अथवा किसी भी STL को SSTL के रूप में घोषित कर दिया जाता है।

(1 or more SSTLs are established by the state government or any STL is declared as SSTL.)

Ø  राजस्थान सरकार ने 4 बीज परीक्षण प्रयोगशालाओं की स्थापना की है:-

(The Government of Rajasthan has established 4 seed testing laboratories: -)

i. श्रीगंगानगर (Sri Ganganagar)

ii. जोधपुर (Jodhpur)

iii. दुर्गापुरा (जयपुर)

[Durgapura (Jaipur)]

iv. कोटा (Kota)

4. Seed Certification Agency (SCA):- इसकी स्थापना या तो राज्य सरकार के द्वारा की जाती है अथवा केन्द्र सरकार के द्वारा राज्य सरकार के सहयोग से की जाती है(It is established either by the state government or by the central government with the support of the state government.)

Ø  बीज प्रमाणीकरण संस्था निम्न सिद्धांतों पर स्थापित होनी चाहिए:-

(The seed certification agency should be established on the following principles: -)

i. यह एक स्वायत काय होनी चाहिए।

(It should be an autonomous body.)

ii. यह बीज के उत्पादन  विपणन में शामिल नहीं होनी चाहिए।

(It should not be involved in the production and marketing of seeds.)

iii. इसे  लाभ  हानि के सिद्धान्त पर कार्य करना चाहिए।

(It should work on the principle of neither profit nor loss.)

iv. इसे पूरे देश में लागू प्रमाणीकरण मानकों को मानना चाहिए ताकि एकरूपता को बनाया जा सके।

(It should follow the certification standards applicable throughout the country so that uniformity can be maintained.)

Ø  राजस्थान सरकार ने जयपुर में RSSOCA के नाम से प्रमाणीकरण संस्था को स्थापित किया है।

(The Government of Rajasthan has established a certification agency called RSSOCA in Jaipur.)

RSSOCA = Rajasthan State Seed and Organic Certification Agency


Ø  भारत में कुल 21 SCAs हैं।

(There are a total of 21 SCAs in India.)

Ø  हरियाणा में HSSCA के नाम से  पंजाब में PSSCA के नाम से बीज प्रमाणीकरण संस्थाएं हैं। ये दोनों संस्थाएं चंडीगढ़ में अलग – अलग जगहों पर स्थित हैं।

(There are seed certification agencies in Haryana under the name of HSSCA and in Punjab under the name of PSSCA. These two agencies are located in Chandigarh at different places.)

HSSCA = Haryana State Seed Certification Agency

PSSCA = Punjab State Seed Certification Agency

Ø  SCA के कार्य (Functions of SCA):-

i. प्रमाणीकरण से संबन्धित सामग्री की आपूर्ति करना।

(Supply of material related to certification.)

ii. बीज उत्पादक से प्राप्त आवेदन का सत्यापन करना।

(Verification of application received from the seed producer.)

iii. बीज खेत का फसल वृद्धि की विभिन्न अवस्थाओं पर निरीक्षण करना ताकि न्यूनतम प्रमाणीकरण मानकों को बनाकर रखा जा सके।

(Inspection of the seed field at different stages of crop growth so that minimum certification standards can be maintained.)

iv. बीज नमूनों को एकत्रित करना तथा परीक्षण के लिए इन्हें SSTL में भेजना।

(Collecting seed samples and sending them to SSTL for testing.)

v. Notified किस्मों का प्रमाणीकरण करना।

(Certification of notified varieties.)

vi. बीज ढेरों के लिए प्रमाणीकरण टैग जारी करना।

(Issue of certification tags for seed lots.)

vii. प्रमाणीकृत बीज उत्पादकों की सूची जारी करना।

(Issue of list of certified seed producers.)

5. Central Seed Certification Board (CSCB):-

Ø  1972 में बीज अधिनियम में संशोधन किया गया तथा एक नई धारा 8जोड़ी गई। इस धारा के अंतर्गत केंद्र सरकार ने CSCB की स्थापना की।

(In 1972, the Seeds Act was amended and a new section 8A was added. The Central Government established the CSCB under this section.)

Ø  CSCB केन्द्र सरकार  राज्य सरकार को प्रमाणीकरण से संबन्धित मामलों में सलाह देने का कार्य करता है। यह SSCAs के साथ समनव्य में कार्य करने में सहायता करता है।

(CSCB gives advise to the Central Government and State Government in matters related to certification. It helps in working in coordination with SSCAs.)

Ø  सदस्य (Members):-

नोट (Note):- CSCB में प्रत्येक सदस्य का कार्यकाल 2 वर्ष का होता है तथा फिर से नामित होने के लिए योग्य होता है।

(Each member in the CSCB has a term of 2 years and is eligible to be re-nomination.)

बीज निरीक्षक (Seed Inspector):-

Ø  Seed Act Enforcement:- बीज की गुणवत्ता के नियंत्रण के लिए बीज नियमों को लागू करना आवश्यक है। बीज से संबन्धित विभिन्न प्रावधानों को लागू करने का उत्तरदायित्व बीज निरीक्षक का होता है।

(It is necessary to implement seed rules for the control of seed quality. It is the responsibility of the seed inspector to implement the various provisions related to seed.)

Ø  इसकी नियुक्ति राज्य सरकार के द्वारा की जाती है।

(It is appointed by the state government.)

Ø  बीज अधिनियम की 4 धाराएँ बीज निरीक्षक से संबन्धित हैं:-

(The 4 sections of the Seed Act are related with the Seed Inspector:-)

1. बीज निरीक्षक की शक्तियाँ (Powers of Seed Inspector):-

Ø  किसी भी बीज विक्रेता से किसी भी किस्म के बीज के नमूने ले सकता है।

(He can take samples of any kind of seed from any seed seller.)

Ø  बीज के नमूने को उस क्षेत्र की SSTL में परीक्षण के लिए भेज सकता है।

(He can send the seed sample to the SSTL of that region for testing.)

Ø  किसी भी समय किसी भी स्थान में प्रवेश कर बीज स्टॉक को चैक कर सकता है। यदि विक्रेता गोदाम का गेट खोलने से इनकार करता है तो ताला तोड़कर अंदर प्रवेश कर सकता है और किसी भी बंद पड़े कंटेनर को तोड़कर खोलकर बीजों को चैक कर सकता है। इस दौरान 2 गवाह उपस्थित होना अनिवार्य है जिनके बाद में हस्ताक्षर भी लिए जाते हैं।

(He can check the seed stock by entering any place at any time. If the seller refuses to open the gate of the warehouse, he can break the lock and enter in and break any locked container and check the seeds by opening. During this time it is mandatory to present 2 witnesses, after which signatures are also taken.)

Ø  किसी भी संदिग्ध रिकॉर्डरजिस्टरदस्तावेज या सामग्री को चैक कर सकता है।

(He can check any suspicious record, register, document or material.)

Ø  यदि कोई बीज विक्रेता सामान्य से अधिक मूल्य पर बीज बेच रहा है तो उसके खिलाफ कार्यवाही कर सकता है।

(If a seed seller is selling seed at a higher price than normal, he can take action against him.)

2. बीज निरीक्षक के कर्तव्य (Duties of Seed Inspector):-

Ø  निरीक्षण (Inspection):- फसल वृद्धिबीज संसाधन  बीज भंडारण के दौरान उतनी बार निरीक्षण करने जाएगा जितनी बार SCA कहेगी।

(During crop growth, seed processing and seed storage, inspection will be done as many times as SCA says.)

Ø  संतुष्टि (Satisfaction):- अपने आप को संतुष्ट करेगा कि प्रमाण पत्र की शर्तों की अनुपालना की जा रही है।

(He will satisfy himself that the conditions of the certificate are being fulfilled.)

Ø  बीज उत्पादनभंडारण  विक्रय के दौरान बीज अधिनियम के नियमों के उल्लंघन का संदेह होने पर बीज के नमूने लेकर SSTL में भेजेगा।

(Seed samples will be sent to SSTL in case of suspicious violation of Seed Act rules during seed production, storage and sale.)

Ø  बीज के नमूने लेने से पहले बीज निरीक्षक को लिखित में नोटिस देना होगा।

(The seed inspector must give notice in writing before taking the seed samples.)

Ø  बीज निरीक्षक को 3 बीज नमूने लेकर उन्हें थैलियों में बंद करके चिन्हित करना होगा।

(The seed inspector will have to take 3 seed samples and enclose and labelled them in bags.)

Ø  बीज नमूनों में से 1 नमूना बीज विक्रेता को तथा 1 नमूना परीक्षण के लिए SSTL को भेजना होगा। शेष बच 1 नमूना या तो बीज निरीक्षक अपने पास रखेगा अथवा धारा 16 की उपधारा 2 के अंतर्गत CSTL को भेजेगा।

(Out of 3 seed samples, 1 sample has to be sent to the seed seller and 1 sample will have to be sent to SSTL for testing. The remaining 1 sample will either be retained by the seed inspector or sent to CSTL under sub-section 2 of section 16.)

Ø  शिकायत की जांच (Complaint investigation):- अधिनियम के नियमों के उल्लंघन के सम्बंध में कोई शिकायत मिलने पर उसकी जांच करता है।

(Investigates any complaint regarding a violation of the rules of the Act.)

Ø  रिपोर्ट भेजना (Send report):- अपने द्वारा किए गए कार्यों की रिपोर्ट बनाकर SCA को भेजता है।

(Creates a report of the work done by him and sends it to SCA.)

Ø  मुकदमा करना (To sue):- अधिनियम के नियमों का उल्लंघन होने पर मुकदमा करता है।

(Sues if there is a violation of the rules of the Act.)

Ø  किसान की शिकायत (Farmer's Complaint):- यदि कोई किसान लिखित में यह शिकायत करता है कि उसकी फसल खराब होने का कारण उसे घटिया किस्म के बीज की आपूर्ति है तो बीज निरीक्षक शिकायतकर्ता के द्वारा प्रयुक्त बीज के लेबलथैले  बचे हुए बीज को अपने कब्जे में लेता है ताकि प्रमाण मिल सके कि इन बीजों की आपूर्ति कहाँ से हुई है। बचे हुए बीजों को SSTL में भेजता है। निष्कर्ष की रिपोर्ट यथाशीघ्र सक्षम अधिकारी को प्रस्तुत करेगा। दोषी होने पर बीज कंपनी पर उचित कार्यवाही की जाती है।

(If a farmer complains in writing that the reason for his crop destruction is the supply of inferior seeds to him, then the seed inspector takes possession of the labels, bags and the remaining seeds used by the complainant to get proof that from where these seeds have been supplied. Sends the remaining seeds to SSTL. He will submit the report of the findings to the higher authorities as soon as possible. If guilty, appropriate action is taken against the seed company.)

अपराध  दंड (Offences and Penalties):-

1. अपराध (Offences):-

Ø  बीज अधिनियम के नियमों का उल्लंघन होना।

(Violation of rules of Seed Act.)

Ø  किस्म के बीज का गलत ब्रांड से आयातविक्रयस्टॉकविक्रय के लिए प्रदर्शनअदला – बदली  आपूर्ति करना।

(Importing, selling, stocking, advertising for sale, exchanging and supplying with the wrong brand of seed variety.)

Ø  किस्म के बीज का पंजीकरण प्रमाणपत्र के बिना आयातविक्रयस्टॉक विक्रय के लिए प्रदर्शनअदला – बदली  आपूर्ति करना।

(Importing, selling, stocking, advertising for sale, exchanging and supplying without registration certificate of seed variety.)

Ø  ऐसा बीज बेचना जो शुद्धताअंकुरणस्वास्थ्य के मानकों को पूरा नहीं करता हो।

(Selling seeds that do not meet the standards of purity, germination and health.)

Ø  पंजीकरण समितिउपसमिति, SCA, बीज निरीक्षकबीज विश्लेषक आदि को कार्य करने से रोकना।

(To prevent registration committee, sub-committee, SCA, seed inspector, seed analyst etc. from working.)

2. दंड (Penalties):-

Ø  दोष सिद्ध होने पर कम से कम 5000 रुका जुर्माना लगाया जा सकता है। जुर्माने को अधिकतम 25000रुतक बढ़ाया जा सकता है।

(If the offence is proved, at least a fine of Rs 5000 can be given. The fine can be extended up to a maximum of Rs. 25000.)

Ø  यदि कोई व्यक्ति आनुवांशिक शुद्धता के गलत आंकड़े प्रस्तुत करता है या हानिकारक बीज को बेचता है तो 6 महीने तक का कारावास या 50,000 रुजुर्माना अथवा दोनों का प्रावधान होता है।

(If a person presents incorrect data of genetic purity or sells harmful seeds, then there is a provision of penalty Rs 50,000 or imprisonment up to 6 months or both.)

बीज नियंत्रण आदेश1983 (Seed Control Order, 1983):-

·         आवश्यक वस्तु अधिनियम1955 (Essential Commodities Act, 1955):- धारा – 3 के द्वारा प्रदत शक्ति मिली हुई है। केंद्र सरकार ने इस शक्ति का प्रयोग करते हुए 1983 में बीज नियंत्रण आदेश जारी किया।

(The power conferred by Section 3. The Central Government, use this power and issued a seed control order in 1983.)

·         इस आदेश के द्वारा बुवाई अथवा रोपण हेतु प्रयुक्त बीजों को आवश्यक वस्तुओं में सम्मिलित कर लिया गया।

(By this order, the seeds used for sowing or planting were included in the essential commodities.)

i. खाध्य फसलों  फल सब्जियों के बीज

(Seeds of edible crops and fruit vegetables)

ii. चारा फसलों के बीज

(Seeds of fodder crops)

iii. जुट के बीज

(Jute seeds)

·         30 दिसम्बर 1983 को बीज नियंत्रण आदेश सम्पूर्ण भारत में लागू हुआ।

(On 30 December 1983, the seed control order came into force all over India.)

·         नियंत्रक (Controller):- केंद्र सरकार द्वारा नियुक्त व्यक्ति जो बीज नियंत्रक के रूप में कार्य करता है।

(A person appointed by the Central Government who acts as a seed controller.)

·         व्यवहारी (Dealer):- बीजों का विक्रयआयात अथवा निर्यात करने वाला कोई व्यक्ति।

(A person who sells, imports or exports seeds.)

·         अनुज्ञापन अधिकारी (Registration Officer):- इसे धारा – 11 के अंतर्गत नियुक्त किया जाता है। यह डीलरों को लाइसेन्स प्रदान करने का कार्य करता है।

(He is appointed under Section 11. He provides license to dealers.)

·         अनुज्ञप्ति के लिए आवेदन (Application for License):- इसके लिए डीलर को निर्धारित फार्म भरकर उसकी 2 प्रतियाँ अनुज्ञापन अधिकारी को आवेदन करना पड़ता है।

(For this, the dealer has to fill the prescribed form and submit 2 copies to the registration officer.)

·         Grant or Refusal of License:- अनुज्ञापन अधिकारी आवश्यक जांच करता है।

(The registration officer performs the necessary investigation.)

अनुज्ञापन अधिकारी लाइसेन्स दे देता है यदि:-

(The registration officer gives the license if: -)

i. दिया गया पहला लाइसेन्स निलंबन अवधि में है।

(The first license granted is in suspension period.)

ii. पहला लाइसेन्स निरस्तीकरण की तिथि से एक वर्ष की अवधि में है।

(The first license is within a period of one year from the date of cancellation.)

अनुज्ञापन अधिकारी लाइसेन्स देने से मना कर देता है यदि:-

(The registration officer refuses to give the license if: -)

i. पहला लाइसेन्स निलंबित है।

(The first license is suspended.)

iiपहला लाइसेन्स निरस्त किया गया है।

(The first license has been revoked.)

iii. आवश्यक वस्तु अधिनियम1955 के अधीन पिछले 3 वर्षों में दोषी पाया गया है।

(Convicted under the Essential Commodities Act, 1955 in the last 3 years.)

·         अनुज्ञप्ति की वेध्यता अवधि (Validity period of License):- जारी होने की तिथि से लेकर 3 वर्ष तक वैध्य होता है।

(It is valid for 3 years from the date of issue.)

·         अनुज्ञप्ति का नवीनीकरण (Renewal of License):- लाइसेन्स धारक निर्धारित फार्म भरकर उसकी 2 प्रतियाँ अनुज्ञापन अधिकारी को आवेदन करता है। वैध्यता खत्म होने से पहले 20 रुका शुल्क लगता है। जबकि वैध्यता खत्म होने के 30 दिन के अंदर 25 रुशुल्क देना पड़ता है।

(The license holder filled the prescribed form and submit 2 copies of it to the registration officer. A fee of Rs 20 is charged before the validity is over. However, within 30 days of expiration of validity, a fee of Rs 25 have to be paid.)

·         मूल्य सूची (Rate list):- विभिन्न बीजों की मूल्य सूची बीज विक्रेता को प्रदर्शित करनी पड़ती है। प्रत्येक दिन प्रारम्भिक  अन्तिम स्टॉक प्रदर्शित करना पड़ता है।

(The price list of different seeds has to be displayed by the seed seller. Initial and final stocks have to be displayed every day.)

·         रसीद (Memorandum):- प्रत्येक डीलर बीज खरीदने वाले व्यक्ति को रसीद देता है।

(Each dealer gives a cash receipt to the person who purchased the seed.)

·         वितरण आदेश (Distribution Order):- लोकहित में आवश्यक होने पर बीज नियंत्रक बीज वितरण का लिखित आदेश बीज उत्पादक या डीलर को दे सकता है।

(If necessary in the public interest, the seed controller can give a written order of seed distribution to the seed producer or dealer.)

·         निरीक्षक (Inspector):- राज्य सरकार द्वारा नियुक्त व्यक्ति जो बीज नियंत्रण आदेश का पालन करने के लिए डीलरों की जांच करता है। बीज के नमूने लेकर STL को भेजता है। STL 60 दिन के भीतर विश्लेषण की रिपोर्ट निरीक्षक को बेजता है।

(A person appointed by the state government who examines the dealers to follow the seed control order. He take samples of seeds and send to STL. The STL send the analysis report to the inspector within 60 days.)

·         अनुज्ञप्ति का निलंबन (Cancellation of License):- अनुज्ञापन अधिकारी लाइसेन्स को रद्द कर देता है यदि –

(The registration officer cancels the license if -)

i. लाइसेन्स गलत सूचना देकर प्राप्त किया गया है।

(The license is obtained by giving wrong information.)

ii. लाइसेन्स की किसी शर्त का उल्लंघन किया जा रहा है।

(Any license terms are being violated.)

·         अपील (Appeal):- कोई व्यक्ति 60 दिन के भीतर उच्च अधिकारी को अपील कर सकता है यदि अनुज्ञापन अधिकारी –

(A person can appeal to a higher authority within 60 days if the registration officer -)

i. लाइसेन्स प्रदान करने से इन्कार करता है।

(Refuses to grant license.)

ii. लाइसेन्स में संशोधन करने से इन्कार करता है।

(Refuses to amend the license.)

iii. लाइसेन्स के नवीनीकरण से इन्कार करता है।

(Denies renewal of license.)

iv. लाइसेन्स को निलंबित कर देता है।

(Suspends license.)


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